The Japanese space agency JAXA plans to send a research unit on one of the moons of Mars .

While it is not known which of the moons of Mars are choosing Japanese - Phobos and Deimos. Run mission tentatively scheduled for 2022 and could last from three to seven years. The device will have to collect rock samples satellites and deliver them back to Earth for analysis.
Japan already has experience sending interplanetary spacecraft since 1998 has been sent to Mars Japanese automatic interplanetary station "Nozomi" (Jap. Hope). However, due to weak draft launcher M-5 unit directly send to Mars failed - required gravitational maneuvers, during which the April 21, 2002 during a powerful solar flare has failed a power distribution system and communication with the device has become an embarrassment.
This was crucial, as without heating the brake pulse is output and 9 December, 2003 "Nozomi" flew at an altitude of 100 kilometers from Mars and went in endless flight through the solar system.
It should be noted that the idea to explore the moons of Mars is not new. However, they all failed. So in 1988 the Soviet Union were sent to Mars two AMC "Phobos", designed to study Mars and its satellite Phobos. September 1, 1988, first lost communication with the AMC "Phobos-1" due to an error commands from Earth, and March 27, 1989 AMC "Phobos-2". Reliably determine the cause of failure of the experts have been unable to.
Automatic interplanetary station "Phobos-Grunt" was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome at 9 November 2011. The two-stage launch vehicle "Zenit-2 Sb" worked normally, but the sustainer propulsion interplanetary station will not run and could not put the unit on the trajectory of the flight to Mars, and January 15, 2012 the wreckage of the machine fell into the waters of the Pacific Ocean